Milling-machine.



Patented July 8, 1902.

G. W. SMITH & E. J. LEES.

MILLING MACHINE.

(Application filed Sept. 21, 1901.)

Sheet I,

mz' mums PEYERS co., puofoumo, WASHINGTOS 0, c.

Patented July 8, I902.

[3 Sheets Sheet 2.

G. w. SMITH & E. J. LEES. MILLING MACHINE.

(Application filed Sept. 21, 1901.)

(No Model.)

llllllllllfldlmla g w: Npams PETERS co, wmauwo v WASHXNGTON. 0v 0 b line/me 931/24 I Nu. 704,|34. Patented July 8. I902.

G. W. SMITH 8:. E. J. LEES.

MILLING MACHINE.

(Application filed Sept 21. 1901,) (N0 Mndel.) I3 Sheets-Sheef. 3.

f I j akin M1 24 ma NORRb virus :0. PHOTD-LITHQ., \usummow. n. c.

N0. 704,|34. Patented July 8, I902.

G. W. SMlTH &. E. J. LEES.

MILLING MACHINE.

(Application filed Sept. 21, 1901.1 (No Model.) l3 Sheets-Sheet 4.

I Patented July 8, I902.

G. W. SMITH &. E. J. LEES.

MILLING MACHINE.

{Application filed Sept. 21, 1901.

I3 Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

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G. W. SMITH 8:. E. J. LEES.

MILLING MACHINE.

(Application filed Sept. 21, 1901.)

l3 Sheets-Sheei 6.

(No Model.)

- Emma m: NORIUS'PETEHS CO.PHOTO-L1THO.WASHINQTGND c N0. 704,:34. Patented July 8, I902.

G. W. SMITH &. E. J. LEES.

MILLING MACHINE.

A wcacion v flied ,Sept. 21, 1901.) (No Model.) 13 Sheets-Sheet 7.

I GttOTATW O No. 704,!34. Patented July 8, I902.

G. W. SMITH & E. J. LEES. MILUNG MACHINE. A lication and Sept. 21, 190:. (No Model.) 13 Sheets-Sheet 8.

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Patented July 8, I902.

G. W. SMITH 8:. E. J. LEES.

MILLING MACHINE.

N0. 704,l34. Patented July 8, I902.

G. W. SMITH 8:. E. J. LEES.

MILLING MACHINE.

. (Application filed Sept. 21, 1901.)

(No Model.) l3 Sheets8haat I0.

* hamm 1 i iiiWiiiiilWilHllHl a WWW m: NDRRIS zTzns co. Wotan-mo wmmm m. u.c

Patented July 8, I902.

e. w. SMITH & E. J. LEES.

I3 Sheets-Sheet II,

(No Model.

Q i kmlfiniiililli \w 3 an .Q N 1 Q NM NM. W g

Patented July 8, I902.

G. W..SMITH 8:. E. J. LEES.

MILLING MACHINE.

(Application filed Sept. 21, 1901.

I3 Sheeis-$heet l2.

(No Model.)

. I U402. WM

N0. 704,|34. Patented July 8, I902.

' a. w. SMITH & E. J. LEES.

MILLING MACHINE.

(Application filed Sept. 21, 1901. (No Model.) l3 SheetsSheet l3.

- nu mllll UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE \V. SMITII, OF ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS, AND ERNEST J. LEES, OF FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TO THE INGERSOLL MILLING MACHINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

MILLING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent no. 704,134, dated July 8, 1902. Application filed September 21,1901. Serial No. 761107. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, GEORGE W. SMITH, residing at Rockford, in the county of Timnebago and State of Illinois, and ERNEST J. LEES, residing at Franklin, in the county of Venango and State of Pennsylvania, citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Milling-Machines; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates to improvements in milling-machines, and particularly to that class of machines which are provided with multiple milling-heads.

The invention has for its object the production of a milling-machine which has one or more vertical milling-heads and one or more horizontal milling-heads, all of which may be operated simultaneously, or the vertical ones by themselves, the horizontal ones by themselves, or a vertical and horizontal one upon one side of the machine and a vertical one and a horizontal one upon the other side of the machine, as may be required for the particular work in hand. The machine is further designed so that the spindles of the millingheads may be adjusted and gaged as to the extent of their movement, so that pieces of work may be readily and quickly duplicated without the expending of time in readjusting the movement of the spindles. It is further desired to provide such a machine with means by which the vertical spindles may be driven by belts upon each side of the machine, and yet in such a manner that should there be any unevenness in the length of the belts or should the belts stretch unequally the racing of one belt ahead of the other will be compensated for.

It is also the object of the present invention to provide such a machine with suitable reversing mechanism for moving the vertical heads from side to side in the machine, and also to provide the machine with quickly-operated reversing mechanism for feeding the work-table back and forth.

The invention consists in certain novel con structions, combinations, and arrangements of parts, as will be fully set forth in the'ae companying description,- illustrated in the drawings, and specified in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is the front elevation of a milling-machine embodying our invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view through the base of the machine, illustrating the mechanism for reversing the table-feeding device. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a portion of the machine, showing the arrangement of the side belting. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of a part of the frame of the machine and showing a counter-shaft mounted above the same and provided with driving cones and pulleys for actuating the milling-machine. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail sectional view through a horizontal cutter, showing the manner of mounting a horizontal connecting spindle or shaft between the horizontal heads of the machine, adja cent portions of the machine being shown in elevation. Fig. 5 is a vertical central section through one of the vertical spindles and a mechanism for operating the same. Fig. 7 is a vertical central section through the same, taken on a plane at right angles to the plane of the section shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a vertical central section through the gear-casings, showing the gearing for operating the vertical heads of the machine. Figs. 9 and 10 are vertical central sections through the gear-casings of the horizontal millingheads, showing the gearing arranged therein. Fig. 11 is an enlarged end elevation of the casing carrying the reversing-gears used for reversing the movement of the vertical milling-heads across the machine. Fig. 12 is a horizontal sectional view through the same. Fig. 13 is a detail sectional view of a portion of the same gearing, showing the means of transmitting motion from one of the crossshafts to the other. Fig. 1a is a front elevation of the casing of one of thehorizontal milling-heads. Fig. 15 is a top plan View of the same. Fig. 16 is an end elevation thereof. Fig. 17 is a vertical cross-section through the cross-rail of the machine. Fig. 18 is an enlarged detail elevation of the upper end of one of the vertical spindles, showing the depth-gage for the same. Fig. 19 is a detail plan view of the blank from which the depthgage members are produced. Fig. 20 is a top plan View of the standard or base which supports the movable gage members. Fig. 21 is a top plan view of the spindle, showing the relation of the depth-gage members thereto. Fig. 22 is a detail sectional view through one of the compensating clutches upon the crossshaft which operates the vertical millingheads. Fig. 23 is a detail sectional view showing a compensating clutch such as is used upon one of the horizontal spindles of the machine. Fig. 24 is a top plan view of one of the stop-gages employed for limiting the downward movement of the cross-rail of the machine. Fig. is a side elevation of the said stop-gage.

In embodying our invention in practical form we provide the milling-machine with a suitable base, as 1, and arrange upon it housings, as 2 2, which extend upwardly upon each side thereof and support the cross-rail 3 raising or lowering of the cross-rail.

of the machine, as well as the horizontal milling-heads 4 4, the vertical milling-heads 5 5 being carried by the said cross-rail 3.

The milling-machine is provided with a suitable traveling table 6 for presenting the work to the milling-heads.

The main power-shaft 7 of the machine is located in the base of the frame 1, and an upper shaft 8 is mounted above the cross-rail parallel with the shaft 7, so as to receive motion therefrom by suitable belting and pulleys, as will be hereinafter more fully described.

The vertical milling-heads 5 5 are capable of a transverse motion in the machine, being moved from side to side therein by means of transversely arranged horizontal feeding screw-rods 9 9. The casings of the said milling-heads are preferably secured to dovetailshaped guiding projections formed upon the cross-rail, while the casings of the horizontal milling-heads 4 4 engage similar guiding surfaces or ribs upon the housings2 2. The horizontal casings can be moved vertically independently of the cross-rail, being provided with gears adapted to engage vertical racks 1010, secured to the housings 2 2. The crossrail is adjustable vertically by means of vertical screw-rods 11 11, which are connected by means of vertical gearing at their upper ends with a horizontally-arranged actuatingshaft 12 at the top of the machine. This shaft 12 is rotated by means of suitable gears 12 and 12*, receiving motion from a pinion 12, carried by a short shaft 13 at right angles to said shaft 12, which shaft 13 receives its motion from a pulley 13, arranged near the central top portion of the machine. The pinion 12 is moved back and forth between the gears 12 and 12", being made to mesh with one or the other, according to the direction in which the shaft 12 is to be turned, for effecting the The pulley 13 receives its movement from a connter-shaft let, arranged'a bove the machine, through the agency of a twisted belt 15, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings. By this gearing the screws 11 11 will be retated simultaneously and will raise both sides of the cross-rail evenly, maintaining the crossrail always in a horizontal plane. Since the cross-rail supports the vertical milling-heads, they will also be adjusted vertically by this means. The cross-rail 3 also carries the cross-.

difficulty in adjusting the milling-heads to difierent heights upon the housings 2 2. The shaft 19 upon one side of the machine is conneoted, by means of spiral gearing 20, with the power-shaft 7 and receives its motion therefrom. The shaft 19 on the other side of the machine is connected, by means of spiral gearing 21, with another but shorter powershaft 22. Both of the power-shafts 7 and 22 are provided with actuating-cones, as 23 and 24, which are so arranged as to be capable of connection by suitable belting with drivingcones 25 and 26 upon the counter-shaft 14, arranged above the machine. The cones upon each side of the machine are preferably made of such sizes that the shafts 7 and 22 may be driven simultaneously at the same speed.

The vertical spindles 16 16 are provided within the casings ofthe vertical millingheads 5 5 with supporting-sleeves, as 27 2, which are adjustable verticallywithin the said casings. Each of the sleeves 27 is formed with a rack 28, which is adapted to be engaged by a pinion 29. The pinion 29 is carried by a shaft 30, which extends outside the casing and is adapted to be turned by any suitable means for raising and lowering the sleeves in the milling-heads. The two spindles 16 16, which are carried by the said sleeves 27 27, are thus capable of vertical adjustment independent of each other and also independent of the vertical adjustment of the cross-rail 3. Suitable bearing-sleeves are interposed between the spindles 1 6 16 and the said sleeves 27 27 for preventinga longitudinal movement of the said spindles with respect to the sleeves. The spindles are of course capable of rotary movement within the said sleeves. The mechanism which we employ for gaging the depth to which the spindles will Work forms an important feature of the present invention. This mechanism is illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings and in enlarged detailin Figs. 18, 19, 20, and 21. Adjacent to the spindles 16 16, near their upper ends, and mounted upon the gear-casings carried by the vertical milling-heads 5 5 are supporting-ibrackets 31 31, which are provided with vertical standards 32 32, upon which are threaded a series of gage blocks or pieces 33 33. The gage-blocks 33 are formed with eyes 34 at their outerends for revolubly engaging the standards 32, while their main body portions are formed with semicircular recesses 35, so that the said blocks are adapted to lit around the spindles 16 16. The standards 32 32 are arranged suificiently close to the said spindles to permit of the gageblocks being swung around against the said spindles 16. The gage-blocks are made of a predetermined thickness, each one being preferably of the same thickness-we will say, for convenience, an inch in depth. Suitable stops are secured to the spindles 16 16 and adapted to engage the gage-blocks, so as to limit the downward movement of the said spindles. These stops preferably consist of collars, as 36 36, which are adapted to be clamped to the spindles 16as,for instance,by the use of clamping-screws 37 37. Each of the collars 36 is provided for a portion of its length with externally-arranged screwthreads, as 38 38. The screw-threads are adapted to be engaged by internally-arranged threads upon adjusting-collars 39 39. The threads 38 may be so arranged that the adjustable collar 39 is capable of adjustment to the thousandth part of an inch. By the use of these stops and the gage-blocks the depth to which the spindles will be permitted to move can be easily and quickly determined. When, for instance, it is desired to permit the spindle to move downwardly a certain number of inches and a fraction of an inch, the proper number of gageblocks, each one representing an inch, are thrown against the spindles. By this means the round number of inches is arrived at, and to get the fractional partof the inch it is only necessary to rotate the adjustable collar 39 upon the threads 38 of the clamp-collar 36 to arrive at the result. This device also affords an admirable means for obtaining the same depth of out upon a number of pieces of work which may be desired exactly alike. In Fig. 19 we have illustrateda convenient and economical way of producing the gage-blocks. The gage-blocks are preferably formed into blanks like that illustrated in Fig. 19, which blank it is only necessary to divide along the lines 40 and 41 to produce a pair of gageblocks of identically the same size and shape. In Fig. 18 will be seen a number of gageblocks thrown into engagement with the spindle 16, While at the upper end of the standard 32 a number of the said gage-blocks are swung outwardly away from the said spindle 16. The gage-blocks and stop-clamps are not only applicable to the vertical spindle, but are equally adapted for use upon the horizontal spindles 17 17 for limiting the extent of their-inward movement. When used upon the horizontal spindles, the gage-block standards, as 42 42, project horizontally from the casing of the horizontal milling-heads, and the gage-blocks 43 43 are pivoted thereto, so that they mayQbe thrown over into engagement with the spindles 17 17, upon which they will rest in this position. Clamp-collars and adjustable collars 44 and 45, similar to the collars 36 and 39, are provided upon the said spindles 17 17 for obtaining the adjustments to the fraction of an inch. The functions of the parts will be the same as those of the parts secured to the vertical spindles 16 16. It will thus be seen that the horizontal spindles as well as the vertical spindles can be gaged so as to cut to the same depth on duplicate pieces of work. The base 31 is preferably perforated, as at 46, so that it may he slipped over the ends of the spindles, and thereby be arranged in a good position with respect to the same for supporting the gageblocks when they are swung against the spindles.

Both of the vertical milling-heads 5 5 are arranged so as to have the driving-gears of their spindles driven by the cross-shaft 8. This shaft may be actuated from both sides of the machine and is provided near each end with loose pulleys 47 47, which are arranged in the path of the side belt 48 48 of the machine. The belts also pass around upper and lower idler-pulleys 49 and 50 before passing around the pulleys 47 47, the said idler-pulleys being in a position to hold the belts taut around the loose pulleys 47 47 no matter to what height the cross-shaft 8 may be moved. By reference to Fig. 3 it will be seen that the said driving-belts 48 pass downwardly from the driving-cones upon the counter-shaft 14, beneath the upper idlerpulley 49, and around the front of the loose pulleys 47 thence back of the lower idlerpulleys 50. wardly and around the actuating-cones upon the shafts 7 and 22, and thence upwardly again to the cones on the counter-shaft. It will thus be seen that the cross-rail carrying the cross-shaft 8 with its loose pulleys and also carrying the idler-pulleys 49 and 50 can be raised or lowered in the machine without interfering in the least with the revolving of the said loose pulleys 47 of the cross-shaft 8. In order to cause the shaft 8 to be rotated by one or both of the loose pulleys 47, clutches 51 51 are arranged in such relation to the shaft and pulley that the pulleys may be connected with the shaft at any time. One member of each clutch is formed upon the hubs of the loose pulleys 47 47, as at 52, being provided with suit-able teeth to engage corresponding teeth formed upon the other clutch members 53 53, which are splined to the shaft 8. The clutch members 53 cannot therefore be turned without moving the shaft 8. They can, however, be moved longitudinally upon the said shaft because of their splined connection therewith. The loose pulleys 47 47, while being free to turn upon The belts then pass on down the shaft 8, are limited against motion longitudinally thereon by the supporting-frames 5-1 54 on the cross-rail 3 upon their inner sides and upon their outer sides by collars 55 55, which are secured firmly to the shaft 8 in any suitable manner. The clutch teeth upon the hubs of the loose pulleys 47 are arranged, as illustrated in Fig. 22 of the drawings, to extend outside the collars 55. The teeth upon the movable clutch members 53 53 are also arranged to project over the said collar 55 55, so that they may be brought into engagement with the teeth upon the hubs of the loose pulleys. The movable clutch members 53 53 are normally forced toward the loose pulleys by springs 56 56,which are seated in small housings or casings 57, secured to the ends of the shaft 8. The loose members 53 53 are provided with means, however, by which they may be held out of engagement with the clutch-teeth of loose pulleys when it is not desirable to run the shaft 8. This means preferably consists of a plunger 58, mounted in a casing 59 which is secured in an aperture formed in each of the clutch members 53. The rod of the said plunger 58 projects outwardly through the end of the casing 59, where it is provided with an operating knob or head 60. A coilspring 61 is arranged within each casing 59, so as to force the plungers 58 against. the shaft 8. lVhen the member 53 is retracted against the action of the spring 56, the plunger 58 will be forced into an aperture 62, formed in the shaft 8. VVhenthe plunger 58 is thus permitted to snap into the aperture 62, the clutch member 53 will be held out of engagement with the loose pulley. The clutch members 53 are formed with recesses 63 in their inner ends sufficiently large to more than accommodate the collars 55 when the clutch members are brought together. The great utility of the arrangement of the clutches is the capability of driving the milling-heads upon one side of the machine without the necessity of driving the milling-heads upon the other side of the machine and the possibility of driving the vertical milling-heads from either side of the machine, as may be desired. It is found in practice that the shaft 8 and the vertical milling-heads may be driven to advantage from both sides of the machine, any slight unevenness of the belts at each side of the machine being compensated for by the clutches 'just described. lVhenever either of the belts begins to race ahead of the other the movable clutch member 53 of the lagging belt will slipsay one or two teethbeing instantly forced back into engagement again by spring 56, the shaft going ahead of thelagging pulley momentarily. In this manner any slight unevenness in the belts will be quickly and automatically adjusted and no trouble will be experienced in endeavoring to run the said shaft 8 from belts upon each side of the machine. If it should be desired to run the said shaft by only one of the said belts, the clutch member 53 at the other end of the shaft can be retracted until its plunger 5Sengages the recess 62, when the pulley 47 on that side of the machine will cease to actuate, said shaft 8 merely running freely thereon. If it is not desired to operate the vertical heads for a timesay when the horizontal milling-heads alone are acting upon the work in the machine-both clutch members 53 may be retracted and the shaft 8 thus be permitted to rest. This will also prevent wear and tear upon the gearing for actuating the vertical spindles. It is desirable also, we find, to provide the horizontal spindles 17 17 with clutches similar to those upon shaft 8, especially when both spindles are connected by a single spindle 6st for supporting horizontal cutters between the same when Working upon certain class of work. In this instance the clutches .are formed with one member upon the hubs of the wormwheels 65 65, which form a part of the gearing connecting the said shafts 19 19 with the said horizontal spindles 17 17. The other members 66 66 of the said clutches are splined to the spindles l7 17, so that they may move longitudinally thereon; but when actuated in a rotary manner they will revolve the said spindles. The members of the clutches are formed with engaging teeth similar to those upon the clutches 5t 51. The clutch members 66 G6 in this instance are preferably not forced against the clutch members upon the gear-wheels 65, but are positively moved by means of operating-levers G7 67. These levers 67 project through apertures 68, formed in the casings of the milling-heads at at, and are provided upon their outer ends with handles arranged within easy reach of the operators of the machine. The lever may, if desired, be provided with any suitable means for clamping it in its different positions. By the use of these clutches the spindles 17 17 may 'be connected with the actuating gearing at any time independently of each other, and one spindle may be permitted to remain idle while the other is working or both spindles may remain idle when the vertical spindlesv alone are being used. \Vhen both the spindles 17 17 are connected by the intermediate spindle 64, these clutches will operate to allow for any unevenness in the transmitting-gearing for actuating the two spindles upon each side of the machine in a similar manner to the operation of the clutches 51 51. With these clutches, however, when one of the members 66 is forced away from its corresponding clutch member on the ;gear 65 it must be moved back into engagement therewith by hand through the operation of its lever 67.

In operating upon work where only horizontal cutters can be used it is often very desirable to connect the two spindles 17 17, so that they will Work in unison. Such a connecting-spindle, as 6%, is illustrated in an enlarged form in Fig. 5 of the drawings. This spindle, it will be seen, is tapered at its ends coarse 69 and 70. The desired milling heads or cutters are properly secured in position upon this intermediate spindle G1, and the tapered ends 69 and 70 are then splined in position in the ends of the horizontal spindle-sleeves 71 and 72, and the spindles are firmly secured thereto. By this structure the two spindles 17 17 become as one shaft for the time being.

In operating the vertical spindles 16 16 we preferably provide them with two sets ofgears, whereby they maybe given different speeds. One set of gears is connected directly with the cross-shaft 8, while the other set of gears is connected with a counter-shaft 73,which when in use is actuated by shaft 8, opposite each of the vertical milling-heads. These gears may be of any suitable kind; but we find it advantageous to employ one kind of gearing-say worm-gearing-for the direct connection with the shaft 8 and some other kind of gearingsay spiral gearing with the indirect connections through the counter-shafts 73 73. As illustrated in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 of the drawings, we secure to the shaft 8 the worms 74 74, inclosed within suitable casings 75 75 upon the upper ends of the milling-heads 5 5. These worms engage worm-wheels 76 76, which run loosely upon the spindles 16 16. When it is desired to rotate the spindles 16 16, they are connected with the worm-wheels 79 76 by means of suitable clutches 77 77, which are splined to the spindles and which are moved by operating-handles 78 78, pivoted at 79 upon the milling-heads. These levers 78 may be provided with elongated slots 80, which are engaged by clamping screws or bolts 81, which are held in position by brackets secured to the casings 75 75. Clamping-nuts 82 82 engage the ends of these screws 81, so that after the levers 78 have been moved to the desired position they may be firmly held there by the clamping-nuts 82. In order to actuate the counter-shafts 73 73, spur-gears are arranged upon the shaft 8, as at 83 83, which mesh with correspondingspur-gears 84 84,1ooselymounted upon the shafts 73. The spur-gears 81 81 are adapted to be engaged by clutches 85 85, which are splined to the shafts 73, so that the said shafts may be caused to revolve through the agency of the intermeshing gears 83 and 81. .The said counter-shafts 73 73 can, however, be permitted to remain idle by disengaging the clutches 85 85 from the spur-gears 81. Each of the counter-shafts 73 is provided with a spiral gear 86, which is arranged so as to mesh with a spiral gear 87 upon each of the spindles 16. The gears 87 run loosely upon the spindles 16, but are adapted to be connected therewith by means of clutches 88, splined upon the said spindles. These clutches are operated by levers 89, pivoted to the casings 75, and are adapted to be clamped in their adjusted positions in a similar manner to the levers 78, being provided forthis purpose with elongated slots 91, which are engaged by clamping-screws 92 upon brackets 93. It will thus be seen that by the proper disposition of the clutches the spindles may be caused to rotate at one speed through the agency of the worms 74 and the worm-gears 76, or they may be operated at another speed through the agency of the spiral gears 86 and 87, the clutches 88 and 85 being in their closed positions, while the clutches 77 are thrown out of engagement. Of course it will be apparent that the worm-gears and the spiral gears might be transposed, one being substituted for the other, or it will be evident that other kind of gears might be employed, as desired. It will also be seen that a clutch member might be interposed between the gears 76 and 87 for actuating the spindles through either train of gears, the said clutch being a double clutch and capable of movement in one direction to engage the gear 76 and in the other direction to engage the gear 87.

The mechanism interposed between the shafts 19 19 and the horizontal spindles 17 17 may be of a similar character to that just described with respect to the vertical spindles. Thus, as illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10, the shafts 19 may be provided with worms 91, adapted to engage worm-wheels upon the spindles. Counter-shafts 95 95 may also be employed for engaging the said spindles by means of spiral gears 96, which mesh with spiral gears upon said spindles. The counter-shafts 95 95 receive their motion from the shafts 19 19 through intermeshing spur-gears 97 and 98. The gear 97 runs loosely upon the shaft 95, but is adapted to be connected therewith by a clutch 99. In this manner the horizontal spindles, as well as the vertical spindles, may be given different speeds, all within the control of the operator of the machine.

The vertical spindles, as heretofore stated, are arranged in casings which are capable of a transverse movement across the machine upon ways formed on the cross-rail 3, their movement across the said rail being controlled by thelongitudinal feeding screw-rods 9 9. The means by which these screw-rods may be simultaneously rotated and may be turned in one way or reversed forms a feature of the invention. The screw-rods 9 9 at one side of the-machine project beyond the housings thereof and pass through a gearcasing 100. This gear-casing 100 is so constructed as to provide bearings for all of the intermediate gears and short shafts necessary for making up the intermediate gearing interposed betweenthe two screw-rods 9 9. \Ve preferably drive the gearing for actuating the said rods 9 9 by means of the lower idler-pulley 50 upon one side of the ma chine. This idler-pulley 50 is secured to a shaft 101, (see Fig. 12,) mounted in thecasing 100, the outer end of the shaft carrying a feeddisk 102. This feed-disk projects between and actuates a pair of feeding-disks 103 103, mounted upon a short arbor 101 in the said casing. These feed-disks 103 103 are pressed toward each other by a spring 104. These disks transmit motion through a feed-disk 105, which also extends between them and which runs upon an arbor 106, secured to the casing 100. Upon the hub of the disk is secured a pinion 107, which is adapted to drive the reversible train of gearing, which will now be described. Areversing-lever 108 is pivoted to a stud or shaft 109, secured to the casing 100, and carries two intermeshing gears 110 and 111. These gears 110 and 111 revolve upon studs on the said lever 108, the said studs being arranged at difierent distances from the axis of the arbor 109. gear 111 may thus be arranged so as to always mesh with a gear 112, loosely mounted on the arbor 109. When the lever 108 is in its lowest position,the gear 111 may be brought into mesh with the pinion 107, so that the said pinion will communicate motion to the gear 112 directly through the, gear 111. This will serve to turn the gear 112 in one direction. In order to reverse this gear, the lever 108 is raised to its highest position, which will move the pinion 111 out of engagement with the pinion 107 and will bring the gear 110 into engagement with said pinion 107. The motion will now be imparted from the pinion 107 through the gear 110 and the gear 111 in a reverse direction to the gear 112, the said gear 111 having been moved out of engagement with the pinion 107 at the same time that the gear 110 was brought into engagement with said pinion 107. By moving the lever 108 to an intermediate point between the extreme movements just described both gears 110 and 111 may be separated from the pinion 107 for disconnecting the threaded rods from the power-drive received through the pulley 50. The lever 108 is provided at its outer end with a spring-pressed pin 113, which is adapted to engage notches or recesses formed in a rack-bar 114. The notches or recesses in this rack are so arranged that the latch-pin 113 will lock the lever in its raised or lowered position or at the intermediate point, as may be desired. The gear 112 trausmits motion to a gear 121 upon the lower feed-screw 9 through a train of intermediate gears 115, 116, 1.17, 118, 110, and 120, mounted upon suitable shafts or arbors secured in place in the casing 100. The gears 116, 118, and are rigidly secured, respectively, to the gears 115, 117, and 119. Thegear 121 runs loosely with respect to the lower rod 9 and is carried upon the hub of a pinion 122, which meshes with a gear 123, runningloosely upon the upper feed-rod 9. This pinion 123 is provided with an elongated hub carrying a pinion 124 at its innerend, which meshes with a gear 125, mounted on the lower feed-rod 9. The gear 125 is also secured to an elongated hub of a pinion 126, which engages and operates a gear 127, rigidly secured to the upper feed-rod 9. The elongated hub 128 of the gear 126 is splined to the lower feed-rod, so as to revolve therewith, while being capable of a longitudinal movement thereon. This elon- The gated hub 128 is also provided with an annular groove 129, adapted to be engaged by the bifurcated end of a shifting lever 130. The shifting lever 130 extends through an aperture in the casing 100, being pivoted to the said casingat 131. The outer end of the said shifting lever 130 can be easily reached for moving the gears 125 and 126 back and forth upon the lower feed-rod 9. It will be readily seen that by moving the shifting lever 130 the gears 125 and 126 can be disconnectedthat is, moved to one side-so as to be out of engagement with the gears 124 and 127. Thus the power received through the train of gearing connected with the idler-pulley 50 will be at once disconnected from the upper as well as the lower feed-rod 9. This can be done at any time, and it is sometimes quite desirable to do so, so that the feed-rods can be turned independently of each other. For this purpose each of the said rods is squared at its outer end, as at 132 133, so that by applying a suitable handle to the squared ends of either of 0 the rods it may be turned independently of the other. The speed with which the gearing just described is actuated may be regulated by moving the feed-disks 103 103 between the two feed-disks 102 and 105. The arbor 104, which carries the disks 103, is mounted upon the end of a lever 134, which is pivoted at 135 to the casing 100. The outer end of this lever also engages a graduated rack-bar 136 and is provided with a set-screw 137, so that it may be clamped in any position upon the said rack-bar. By adjusting this lever the speed communicated from the disk 102 to the disk 105 can be controlled to a nicety.

It is often desirable to so connect the horizontal milling-heads with the cross-rail 3 that they may be raised or lowered in the machine by one mechanismnamely, the vertical screws 11. The casings of the horizontal milling-heads 4 4 are constructed as illustrated in Figs. 14, 15, and 16. These casings are also well shown in Fig. 1, though upon a smaller scale. They consist each of a hollow cylindrical casing 138, provided with a baseplate 139, adapted to dovetail upon the guiding-ways formed upon the cross-rail 3. Upon the upper edges of the base-plates 139 are formed lugs 140, between which are pivotally secured bolts 141 141, formed with eyes in their lower ends for engaging the pivot-pins, which hold them in place and having threads upon their upper ends for engaging nuts 142 142. l/Vhen the bolts 141 141 are swung downwardly upon their pivot-pins, the horizontal millingheads will be disconnected from the cross-rail 3; but when it is desired to connect the said milling-heads with the cross-rail they are brought together and the bolts 141 are turned upwardly until the nuts at their upper ends extend into a slot 14.3 at each end of the rail 3. Slots 144 in the bot tom of said rail receive the bolts 141. The nuts 142 may then be turned upon the ends of the bolts, so as to draw the milling-heads icto raise and lower both heads equally and simultaneously. To facilitate the movement of the milling-heads and the cross-rail upon the frame of the machine, the heads and the said rail are connected with counterbalanceweights by means of cords or ropes 145 and 1&6, which are connected to the said parts at one end and pass upwardly and over pulleys 117 and 14S and thence downwardly again to the counterweights. The vertical spindles 16 16 and the sleeves that carry them are also preferably counterbalanced by means of weights 149, secured to cords 150, which pass over supporting-pulleys 151 151 and thence downwardly to drums 152 upon the shafts of the pinions 29, which are used for raising and lowering the said sleeves and spindles.

In a machine of this character it is often desirable to limit the downward movement of the cross-rail 3 at a certain predetermined point. For this purpose we employ adjustable cross-rail stops comprising adjustable members 153, which are adapted to be secured at different heights upon the housings 2, and members 151, fastened to the crossrail 3. The member 153 is provided with two or more headed bolts 155 155, which engage with their heads vertically-arranged grooves 156, formed in the inner faces of the housings 2. Nuts upon the outer ends of these bolts serve to draw the parts together and clamp the said member 153 at the desired point. This mechanism is sufficient for an approximate adjustment of the stop member; but in order to obtain a very accurate adjustment we provide the members 153 with adjusting-screws 157, which project upwardly, so as to come in contact with the head of a bolt 158, embedded in and secured to each of the members154. Thelowerend of each of the screws 157 may be provided with a head having laterally-arranged apertures 159 therein, so that the said screw may be turned by inserting a pin or other lever in the holes successively. After the screws 157 have been adjusted properly they are clamped in position by a screw-bolt 160 in each of. the members 153, which is arranged to draw together the divided jaws of the sockets 161, which surround the adjusting-screws 157 157. In arranging the limit of the downward movement of the cross-rail 3 the nuts on the bolts 155 are loosened, and the members 153 are slid along the grooves 156 until they are approximately in the desired position, when the bolts 155 are again tightened to clamp the members in place.

The screws 157 are next turned to produce a very fine and accurate adjustment of the parts. In lowering the cutters carried by the cross-rail 3 they can be lowered again and again to exactly the same depth for duplicating pieces of work by the use of these simple crossrail stops.

The work-table 6, which moves back and forth upon the base of the frame 1, is preferably reciprocated by means of a worm 162, which is arranged beneath the said work-table and engages a longitudinally-arranged rack 163, secured to the under side thereof. The worm 162 is secured to a diagonally-arranged shaft 164, which finds suitable bearings in the base-frame and carries at its outer end a beveled gear 165. This gear is engaged by a beveled pinion 166, carried by a shaft 167. The shaft 167 preferably lies parallel with the line of movement of the work-table and is connected by spur-gearing, as at 168, with a counter-shaft 169, arranged immediately above the said shaft 167. counter-shaft 169 is arranged a series of gears by which the work-table may be fed forward in the machine by power and may be reversed quickly and moved back again. The gearing mentioned comprises two facing beveled gears 170 and 171, which ordinarily run loosely upon the shaft 169. These beveled gears both engage an intermediate beveled gear 172, which is secured to one end of the shaft 7. Both the gears 170 and 171 will thus be continually revolved by the intermediate gear 172, but in opposite directions. lnterposed between the gears 170 and 171 is a reciprocating double clutch 173, which is adapted to be brought against the inner faces of each of the gears 170 and 171. The double clutch 172 is splined to the shaft 169, so as to revolve therewith, and friction-washers, preferably of leather, as 174: and 175, are interposed between the ends of the said double clutch and the said gears. It will follow, therefore, that when the double clutch is moved against the gear 170 the shaft 169 will be turned in one direction for feeding the table one Way, and when the said clutch is reversed and brought into contact with the gear 171 the said shaft 169 will be turned in the opposite direction and the table will be reversed. For moving the double clutch back and forth a lever 176 is pivoted to the frame and engages an annular groove 177, formed around the said double clutch. The outer end of the lever 176 is connected, by means of a link 178, with a bellcrank-lever179, which is pivoted upon the frame 1. By raising or lowering the outer end of the said lever 179 the double clutch may be moved back and forth and the movement of the table regulated. By this structure power can be used for feeding the table back and forth, the table can be quickly reversed, and can be moved to a very slight degree or to its fullest extent, as may be required.

The mechanism just described sets forth a means for quickly feeding the table in either Upon this 

